Anne Frank borned with a name “Annelies Marie Frank” in Frankfurt, Germany 12 june 1929 . And she is a jewish girl . And her name got famous by her diary which is known as “The Diary of Anne Frank” . The diary was originaly written in dutch then published with the title “Het Achter Huis” and then first time translated in english in 1952 with the title “The diary of a young girl” .  The diary, which was given to Anne on her 13th birthday, chronicles her life from 12 June 1942 until 1 August 1944. it’s been translated into plenty of languages, has become four of the world’s most widely read books, & has been the basis for several plays & films. Anne Frank has been acknowledged for the quality of her writing, & has become four of the most renowned & most discussed victims of the Holocaust. Anne Frank was a second daughter of a couple Otto Frank and Edit Holländer , and she had a sister named Margot Frank and her kitty named Moortje .

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The whole family moved from Germany in 1933 soon after Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Party won the election . The Franks were among about 300,000 Jews who fled Germany between 1933 and 1939 . In May 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands , and the occupation government began to persecute Jews by the implementation of restrictive and discriminatory laws; mandatory registration and segregation soon followed .

in 1942 the relatives moved into the hiding place. Their apartment was left in a state of disarray to generate the impression that they had left suddenly, & Otto Frank left a note that hinted they were going to Switzerland . “Het Achterhuis” (a Dutch word denoting the rear part of a house, translated as the “Secret Annexe” in English editions of the diary) was a three-story space entered from a landing above the Otto’s offices. five small rooms, with an adjoining bathroom & toilet, were on the first level, & above that a larger open room, with a small room beside it. From this smaller room, a ladder led to the attic. The door to het Achterhuis was later covered by a bookcase to ensure it remained undiscovered .

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On August 1944, “Het Achterhuis” was stormed by the German Security Police (Grüne Polizei) following a tip-off from an informer who was never identified . On September, the relatives was deported on what would be the last transport from Westerbork to the Auschwitz concentration camp, and arrived after a five day journey. In the chaos that marked the unloading of the trains, the men were forcibly separated from the women and kids, and Otto Frank was wrenched from his family .

In March 1945, a typhus epidemic spread through the camp and killed approximately 17,000 prisoners. Witnesses later testified that Margot fell from her bunk in her weakened state and was killed by the shock, and that a few days later Anne died. they stated that this occurred a few weeks before the camp was liberated by British troops on 15 April 1945, although the exact dates were not recorded. After liberation, the camp was burned in an effort to prevent further spread of disease, and Anne and Margot were buried in a mass grave, the exact whereabouts of which is unknown.

After the war, it was estimated that of the 107,000 Jews deported from the Netherlands between 1942 and 1944, only 5,000 survived. It was also estimated that up to 30,000 Jews remained in The Netherlands, with lots of people aided by the Dutch underground. Approximately two-thirds of these people survived the war .

Otto Frank survived his internment in Auschwitz and after the war ended he returned to Amsterdam where he was sheltered by Jan and Miep Gies, as he attempted to locate his relatives. He learned of the death of his wife, Edith, in Auschwitz, but he remained hopeful that his daughters had survived. After several weeks, he discovered that Margot and Anne had also died.

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In July 1945, after the Red Cross confirmed the deaths of Anne & Margot, Miep Gies gave Otto Frank the diary, along with a bundle of loose notes that they had saved, in the hope that they could have returned them to Anne. Otto Frank later commented that they had not realised Anne had kept such an accurate & well-written record of their time in hiding. In his memoir they described the painful method of reading the diary, recognizing the events described & recalling that they had already heard a number of the more amusing episodes read aloud by his daughter. they also noted that they saw for the first time the more private side of his daughter, & those sections of the diary they had not discussed with somebody, noting, “For me it was a revelation… I had no idea of the depth of her thoughts & feelings…She had kept all these feelings to herself”. Moved by her repeated wish to be an author, they began to consider having it published.

It was first published in france & germany in 1950, & after being rejected by several publishers, was first published in the United Kingdom in 1952. The first American edition was published in 1952 under the title Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl & was positively reviewed. It was successful in france, france & the United States, but in the United Kingdom it failed to attract an audience & by 1953 was out of print. Its most noteworthy success was in Japan where it received critical acclaim & sold more than 100, 000 copies in its first edition. In Japan, Anne Frank quickly became identified as an important cultural figure who represented the destruction of youth during the war.

A play based upon the diary, by Frances Goodrich & Albert Hackett, premiered in New York City on 5 October 1955, & later won a Pulitzer Prize for Drama. It was followed by the 1959 movie The Diary of Anne Frank, which was a critical & commercial success. The biographer, Melissa Müller, later wrote that the dramatization had “contributed greatly to the romanticizing, sentimentalizing & universalizing of Anne’s story.” Over the years the popularity of the diary grew, & in lots of schools,  in the United States, it was included as part of the curriculum, introducing Anne Frank to new generations of readers. Finally “Het Achter Huis” is now known title as “The Diary of Anne Frank” . And it has been translated into many languages in a whole world .

Source : Wikipedia and My Own Little Bit Knowledge