
Brain Injury: What You Need to Know
With
the exception of a few highly publicized cases involving celebrities
such as actor Gary Busey and singer Barbara Mandrell, brain injuries
don't get the attention of many other medical calamities. A recent
public opinion poll found that a third of Americans aren't even familiar
with the term "brain injury."
Yet brain injuries are the leading
cause of death and disability among U.S. youth, and more than 1 million
Americans of all ages are treated in hospital emergency rooms each year
for these injuries. An additional 230,000 are hospitalized, 80,000 of
whom are permanently disabled. About 50,000 die each year. Indeed, brain
injuries occur more frequently than breast cancer, AIDS, multiple
sclerosis and spinal cord injuries.
How Injuries Happen
More
than 5.3 million Americans, or about 2% of the U.S. population, live
with a disability as a result of a traumatic brain injury. And almost
all brain injuries can be prevented through simple measures, such as
wearing seat belts, not drinking and driving, and wearing helmets when
riding motorcycles or doing sports activities.
The causes of brain injuries are:
* Transportation accidents (cars, bikes, horses): 48.9%
* Falls: 25.8%
* Firearms (assaults, suicide and suicide attempts): 9.7%
* Assaults: 7.5%
* Other causes: 7.4%
* Unknown: 0.6%
Getting Care
If
something serious happens to you and you're unconscious, there's not
much you can do to influence which hospital emergency room you are
transported to. But if you're with someone who suffers severe head
trauma, make sure they are transported to the nearest Level I trauma
center, which is equipped to handle the most serious injuries.
Most
Level I trauma centers in Southern California, including Cedars-Sinai,
Long Beach Memorial, L.A. County-USC and UCLA, follow some or all of the
guidelines for the treatment of severe head injury. A trauma surgeon is
supposed to be on duty at all times and a neurosurgeon available within
20 minutes.
"They'll do better if they reach a center that has an
established protocol for treating head injuries," says Dr. Daniel F.
Kelly, a neurosurgeon and co-director of the brain injury program at
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center in Torrance. "Unfortunately, because of the
sheer numbers, there's just not enough qualified trauma centers to go
around."
For more information on treatment guidelines, check the Web site for the Brain Trauma Foundation, http://www.braintrauma.org.
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