In recent years, the sciences of evolutionary psychology, evolutionary
biology, anthropology, neuroscience, and biology have added to our
understanding of the nature and function of love.
Biological models of sex tend to view love as a mammalian drive, just
like hunger or thirst. Psychology depicts love as a cognitive and
social phenomenon. Psychologist Robert Sternberg formulated a
Triangular theory of love and argued that love has three different
components: Intimacy, Commitment, and Passion. Intimacy is a form by
which two people can share secrets and various details of their
personal lives. Intimacy is usually shown in friendships and romantic
love affairs. Commitment on the other hand is the expectation that the
relationship is going to last forever.
The last and most common form of love is sexual attraction and passion.
Passionate love is shown in infatuation as well as romantic love. This
led researchers such as Yela [citation needed] to further refine the
model by separating Passion into two independents components: Erotic
Passion and Romantic Passion.
How about the chemical basis for Love?
Recent studies in neuroscience have indicated that a consistent number
of chemicals are present in the brain when people testify to feeling
love. These chemicals include; Testosterone, Oestrogen, Dopamine,
Norepinephrine, Serotonin, Oxytocin, and Vasopressin.
More specifically, higher levels of Testosterone and Oestrogen are
present during the lustful phase of a relationship. Dopamine,
Norepinephrine, and Serotonin are more commonly found during the
attraction phase of a relationship. Oxytocin, and Vasopressin seemed to
be more closely linked to long term bonding and relationships
characterized by strong attachments.
In 2005, Italian scientists at Pavia University found that a protein
molecule known as the nerve growth factor (NGF) has high levels when
people first fall in love, but these levels return to as they were
after one year. Specifically, four neurotrophin levels, i.e. NGF, BDNF,
NT-3, and NT-4, of 58 subjects who had recently fallen in love were
compared with levels in a control group who were either single or
already engaged in a long-term relationship. The results showed that
NGF levels were significantly higher in the subjects in love than as
compared to the either of the control groups.
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Source:
Wikipedia