RBG Afrikan- Centered Cultural Development and Education
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The Mad Scramble for Africa and How Europe Underdeveloped Africa
‘In contrast with the surging growth of the countries in
our socialist camp and the development taking place, albeit much more slowly, in the majority of the capitalist countries, is the unquestionable fact that a large proportion of the so-called underdeveloped countries are in total stagnation, and that in some of them the rate of economic growth is lower than that of population increase.
‘These characteristics are not fortuitous; they correspond strictly to the nature of the capitalist system in full expansion, which transfers to the dependent countries the most abusive and barefaced forms of exploitation. It must be clearly understood that the only way to solve the questions now besetting mankind is to eliminate completely the exploitation of dependent countries by developed capitalist countries, with all the consequences that this implies.’
Walter Rodney 1973
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa
Published by: Bogle-L'Ouverture Publications, London and Tanzanian Publishing House, Dar-Es-Salaam 1973, Transcript from 6th reprint, 1983;
Transcribed: by Joaquin Arriola.
To
Pat, Muthoni, Mashaka and
the extended family
Contents
Chapter One. Some Questions on Development
1.1 What is Development
1.2 What is Underdevelopment?
Chapter Two. How Africa Developed Before the Coming of the Europeans up to the 15th Century
2.1 General Over-View
2.2 Concrete Examples
Chapter Three. Africa’s Contribution to European Capitalist Development — the Pre-Colonial Period
3.1 How Europe Became the Dominant Section of a World-Wide Trade System
3.2 Africa’s contribution to the economy and beliefs of early capitalist Europe
Chapter Four. Europe and the Roots of African Underdevelopment — to 1885
4.1 The European Slave Trade as a Basic Factor in African Underdevelopment
4.2 Technological Stagnation and Distortion of the African Economy in the Pre-Colonial Epoch
4.3 Continuing Politico-Military Developments in Africa — 1500 to 1885
Chapter Five. Africa’s Contribution to the Capitalist Development of Europe — the Colonial Period
5.1 Expatriation of African Surplus Under Colonialism
5.2 The Strengthening of Technological and Military Aspects of Capitalism
Chapter Six. Colonialism as a System for Underdeveloping Africa
6.1 The Supposed Benefits of Colonialism to Africa
6.2 Negative Character of the Social, Political and Economic Consequences
6.3 Education for Underdevelopment
6.4 Development by Contradiction
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