On this day in History - Jul 22
- 1099 - First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon elected first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Jerusalem.
- 1210 - Joan of England, Queen consort of Scotland, wife of Alexander II of Scotland, was born (d. 1238)
- 1298 - Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Falkirk - King Edward I of England and his longbowmen defeats William Wallace and his Scottish schiltrons outside the town.
- 1362 - Louis of Durazzo dies (b. 1324). Italian soldier.
- 1387 - Franz Ackerman dies (b. 1330). Flemish statesman.
- 1456 - Ottoman Wars in Europe: Siege of Belgrade - John Hunyadi, Regent of Kingdom of Hungary defeats Mehmet II of Ottoman Empire
- 1461 - Charles VII of France dies (b. 1403). King of France (1422-61)
- 1478 - King Philip I of Castile was born (d. 1506).
- 1484 - Battle of Lochmaben Fair - A 500-man raiding party led by Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany and James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas defeated by Scots forces loyal to Albany's brother James III of Scotland; Douglas captured.
- 1499 - Battle of Dornach - The Swiss decisively defeat the Imperial army of Emperor Maximilian I.
- 1510 - Alessandro de' Medici, Duke of Florence was born (d. 1537).
- 1519 - Pope Innocent IX was born (d. 1591)
- 1525 - Richard Wingfield dies. English diplomat.
- 1535 - Katarina Stenbock was born (d. 1621). Wife of Gustav I of Sweden.
- 1540 - John Zápolya dies. King of Hungary
- 1559 - Lawrence of Brindisi was born (d.1619). Italian monk.
- 1587 - Colony of Roanoke: A second group of English settlers arrive on Roanoke Island off of North Carolina to re-establish the deserted colony.
- 1619 - Lawrence of Brindisi dies (b. 1559). Italian monk.
- 1621 - Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury was born (d. 1683). English politician
- 1645 - Gaspar de Guzman dies (b. 1587). Count-Duke of Olivares, Spanish statesman
- 1676 - Pope Clement X dies (b. 1590).
- 1686 - Albany, New York formally chartered as a municipality by Governor Thomas Dongan
- 1702 - O português Pedro Vaz de Sequeira assume (pela 2º vez) o governo de Macau.
- 1711 - Georg Wilhelm Richmann was born (d. 1753). Russian physicist.
- 1713 - Jacques-Germain Soufflot was born (d. 1780). French architect.
- 1726 - Hugh Drysdale was born. British Colonial Governor of Virginia.
- 1733 - Mikhail Shcherbatov was born (d. 1790). Russian philosopher and writer.
- 1734 - Peter King, 1st Baron King dies. Lord Chancellor of England.
- 1755 - Gaspard de Prony was born (d 1839). French mathematician.
- 1784 - Friedrich Bessel was born (d. 1846). German mathematician and astronomer.
- 1789 - Joseph-François Foulon dies (b. 1715). French administrator.
- 1793 - Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Pacific Ocean becoming the first Euro-American to complete a transcontinental crossing north of Mexico.
- 1796 - Surveyors of the Connecticut Land Company name an area in Ohio "Cleveland" after Gen. Moses Cleaveland, the superintendent of the surveying party.
- 1802 - Marie François Xavier Bichat dies (b. 1771). French anatomist.
- 1805 - Napoleonic Wars: War of the Third Coalition - Battle of Cape Finisterre - Inconclusive naval action fought between a combined French and Spanish fleets under Admiral Pierre-Charles Villeneuve of Spain and a British fleet under Admiral Robert Calder.
- 1812 - Napoleonic Wars: Peninsular War - Battle of Salamanca - British forces led by Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington) defeat French troops near Salamanca, Spain.
- 1822 - Gregor Mendel was born (1884). Austrian geneticist.
- 1826 - Giuseppe Piazzi dis (b. 1746). Italian astronomer.
- 1832 - Napoleon II of France dies (b. 1811).
- 1844 - William Archibald Spooner was born (d. 1930). Known for verbal inversions called spoonerisms.
- 1848 - Adolf Friedrich V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was born (d. 1914).
- 1849 - Emma Lazarus was born (d. 1887). American poet.
- 1852 - Auguste Marmont dies (b. 1774). French marshal.
- 1863 - Decreto de D. Luís I estabelece a criação do Museu da Marinha - Portugal
- 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Atlanta - Outside of Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate General John Bell Hood leads an unsuccessful attack on Union troops under General William T. Sherman on Bald Hill.
- 1864 - James B. McPherson dies (b. 1828). American army general, in the Battle of Atlanta.
- 1868 - Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro de Portugal
- 1869 - John A. Roebling dies (b. 1806). German-American civil engineer (Brooklyn Bridge).
- 1882 - Edward Hopper was born (d. 1967). American painter.
- 1887 - Gustav Ludwig Hertz was born (d. 1975). German quantum physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1888 - Selman Waksman was born (d. 1973). Ukrainian-born biochemist, Nobel laureate in 1952.
- 1888 - Kirk Bryan was born (d. 1950). American geologist.
- 1889 - James Whale was born (d. 1957). English film director.
- 1890 - Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy was born (d. 1995). American Kennedy family matriarch.
- 1893 - Karl Menninger was born (d.1990). American psychiatrist.
- 1893 - James Whale was born d. 1957). English film director.
- 1893 - Jesse Haines was born (d. 1978). American baseball player.
- 1894 - Oskar Maria Graf was born (†28.6.1967). German writer. He was involved in the 1918 March Revolution and was forced into exile in the USA for his anti-fascist views in 1933. Some of his novels warn of the dangers of national socialism and others are utopian.
- 1898 - Stephen Vincent Benét was born (d. 1943). American author.
- 1898 - Alexander Calder was born (d. 1976). American artist.
- 1902 - Mieczysław Halka Ledóchowski dies (b. 1822). Polish Catholic Cardinal.
- 1903 - Cassius Marcellus Clay dies (b. 1810). American emancipationist.
- 1904 - Wilson Barrett dies (b. 1846). English actor.
- 1905 - Doc Cramer was born (d. 1990). American baseball player.
- 1907 - Zubir Said was born (d. 1987). Singaporean composer who composed Singapore's national anthem.
- 1908 - Albert Fisher establishes the Fisher Body Company to manufacture carriage and automobile bodies.
- 1908 - Amy Vanderbilt was born (d. 1974). American author.
- 1908 - William Randal Cremer dies (b. 1828). Nobel Peace Prize laureate in 1903.
- 1909 - Dorino Serafini was born (d. 2000). Italian racing driver.
- 1912 - 5th Olympic games in Stockholm closes.
- 1913 - Gorni Kramer was born. Italian bandleader and songwriter.
- 1913 - Licia Albanese was born. American opera singer.
- 1915 - Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah was born (d. 2000). Pakistani politician, diplomat and author.
- 1915 - Sir Sandford Fleming dies (b. 1827). Canadian engineer and inventor.
- 1916 - In San Francisco, California, a bomb explodes on Market Street during a Preparedness Day parade killing 10 and injuring 40.
- 1916 - Marcel Cerdan was born (d. 1949). French boxer.
- 1916 - Gino Bianco was born (d. 1984). Brazilian racing driver.
- 1916 - James Whitcomb Riley dies (b. 1849). American author and poet.
- 1918 - Manuel González Prada dies. Peruvian writer.
- 1918 - Indra Lal Roy dis (b. 1898). Indian pilot.
- 1920 - Florestan Fernandes was born (d. 1995). Brazilian sociologist
- 1920 - William Kissam Vanderbilt dies (b. 1849). Member of the Vanderbilt family.
- 1921 - William Roth was born (d. 2003). U.S. Senator.
- 1922 - Jokichi Takamine dies (b. 1854). Japanese chemist.
- 1923 - Bob Dole was born. American politician, Senator from Kansas and Presidential candidate
- 1923 - Mukesh was born (d. 1976). Indian singer.
- 1923 - The Fabulous Moolah [Mary Lillian Ellison] was born. American professional wrestler.
- 1924 - Margaret Whiting was born. Singer.
- 1925 - Petrol from coal. The chemists, Fischer and Tropsch, patented a process for making carbon dioxide from coal
- 1928 - Orson Bean was born. American film actor.
- 1929 - John Barber was born. British racing driver.
- 1932 - Oscar De la Renta was born. Dominican-born fashion designer.
- 1932 - Florenz Ziegfeld Jr. dies. Theatrical producer.
- 1932 - Errico Malatesta dies (b. 1853). Italian anarchist.
- 1932 - Florenz Ziegfeld dies (b. 1867). Theatrical producer.
- 1932 - Reginald Fessenden dies (b. 1866). Canadian inventor and radio pioneer.
- 1933 - Wiley Post becomes first person to fly solo around the world traveling 15,596 miles in 7 days, 18 hours and 45 minutes.
- 1934 - Outside Chicago's Biograph Theatre, "Public Enemy No. 1" John Dillinger is mortally wounded by FBI agents.
- 1934 - Louise Fletcher was born. American actress, Academy-award in 1976.
- 1934 - John Dillinger dies shot at the Biograph Theater in Chicago (b. 1903). American bank obbr
- 1936 - Tom Robbins was born. American author.
- 1937 - New Deal: The United States Senate votes down President Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States.
- 1937 - Yasuhiro Kojima was born (d.1999). Japanese wrestler.
- 1938 - Terence Stamp was born. English actor.
- 1939 - Gila Almagor was born. Israeli actress.
- 1939 - Erhard Walther was born. Artist.
- 1940 - Alex Trebek was born. Canadian-born game show host.
- 1941 - George Clinton was born. American musician.
- 1940 - Judith Walzer Leavitt was born. American college professor.
- 1941 - Invasão da União Soviética pelo exército alemão, dando início à «Operação Barbarossa».
- 1941 - Ron Turcotte was born. Canadian jockey.
- 1942 - The United States government begins compulsory civilian gasoline rationing due to the wartime demands.
- 1942 - Holocaust: The systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto begins.
- 1943 - Allied forces capture the Italian city of Palermo.
- 1943 - Kay Bailey Hutchison was born. U.S. Senator from Texas.
- 1943 - Bobby Sherman was born. American singer and actor.
- 1944 - The Polish Committee of National Liberation publishes its manifesto, starting the period of Communist rule in Poland.
- 1944 - Estelle Bennett was born. Americn singer (Ronettes).
- 1944 - Rick Davies was born. British musician (Supertramp).
- 1944 - Sparky Lyle was born. American baseball player.
- 1944 - Dennis Firestone was born. Australian racing driver.
- 1946 - Danny Glover was born. American actor.
- 1946 - Paul Schrader was born. American film director and screenwriter.
- 1946 - Mireille Mathieu was born. French singer.
- 1946 - Stephen M. Wolownik was born (d. 2000). Russia musician.
- 1946 - King David Hotel bombing: Irgun bombs King David Hotel in Jerusalem, headquarters of the British civil and military administration, killing 90.
- 1947 - Albert Brooks was born. American comedian.
- 1947 - Don Henley was born. American drummer, singer, and songwriter (Eagles)
- 1947 - Gilles Duceppe was born. Quebec politician.
- 1948 - Otto Waalkes was born. German comedian.
- 1948 - S.E. Hinton was born. American author.
- 1949 - Alan Menken was born. American composer.
- 1949 - Lasse Viren was born. Finnish athlete. 5000 and 10000 metres running olympic gold medalist 1972 and 1976, 5th in marathon 1976 Olympics.
- 1949 - Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum was born. Ruler of Dubai and PM of UAE.
- 1950 - William Lyon Mackenzie King dies (b. 1874). Tenth Prime Minister of Canada
- 1951 - J.V. Cain was born (d. 22 Jul 1979). American football player.
- 1952 - Polish constitution adopted (National Day).
- 1953 - Jimmy Bruno was born. American jazz guitarist.
- 1953 - Sylvia Chang was born. Taiwanese actress.
- 1954 - Al Di Meola was born. American guitarist.
- 1954 - Lonette McKee was born. American actress.
- 1954 - Pierre Lebeau was born. Canadian actor.
- 1955 - Willem Dafoe was born. American actor.
- 1957 - Dave Stieb was born. American baseball player
- 1958 - David Von Erich was born (d. 1984). American professional wrestler.
- 1958 - Tatsunori Hara was born. Japanese professional-baseball player and coach.
- 1958 - Mikhail Zoshchenko dies (b. 1895). Russian writer.
- 1960 - Jon Oliva was born. American musician (Savatage)
- 1960 - António Leitão was born. Portuguese athlet.
- 1961 - Keith Sweat was born. American singer
- 1961 - Calvin Fish was born. British racing driver
- 1962 - Mariner program: Mariner 1 spacecraft flies erratically several minutes after launch and has to be destroyed.
- 1962 - Steve Albini was born. Writer and recording engineer.
- 1962 - Martine St. Clair was born. Quebec singer.
- 1963 - Emily Saliers was born. American singer (Indigo Girls).
- 1963 - Emilio Butragueno was born. Spanish footballer.
- 1963 - Rob Estes was born. American actor.
- 1964 - Steve Ballesteros wins the British Golf Open.
- 1964 - Adam Godley was born. British actor.
- 1964 - David Spade was born. Comedian.
- 1964 - John Leguizamo was born. Colombian actor.
- 1964 - Don Van Natta, Jr. was born. American journalist.
- 1964 - Rafael Addison was born. American basketball player.
- 1965 - Patrick Labyorteaux was born. American actor.
- 1965 - Shawn Michaels was born. American professional wrestler.
- 1966 - Tim Brown was born. American football player.
- 1967 - Lauren Booth was born. British journalist.
- 1967 - Carl Sandburg dies ( 1878). American poet.
- 1968 - Rhys Ifans was born. Welsh actor.
- 1968 - Giovannino Guareschi dies (b 1908). Italian journalist.
- 1969 - Despina Vandi was born. Greek singer.
- 1970 - Craig Baird was born. New Zealand racing driver.
- 1970 - Jason Becker was born. American musician.
- 1970 - Sergei Zubov was born. Russian ice hockey player.
- 1971 - Kristine Lilly was born. American soccer player.
- 1972 - Keyshawn Johnson was born. American football player.
- 1972 - Colin Ferguson was born. Canadian actor.
- 1972 - Seth Fisher was born (d. 2006). American comic book artist and penciller.
- 1973 - Daniel Jones was born. Australian musician and record producer.
- 1973 - Mike Sweeney was born. American baseball player.
- 1973 - Rufus Wainwright was born. Canadian singer.
- 1973 - Ronald Ray Howard was born (d. 2005). American murderer.
- 1974 - Franka Potente was born. German actress.
- 1974 - Sonija Kwok was born. Hong Kong actress.
- 1974 - Wayne Morse dies (b. 1900). Former Senator from Oregon.
- 1974 - Claudia Lars dies. Salvadoran writer.
- 1975 - Markus Metzenthin was born. Economist.
- 1976 - Nina Moric was born in Zagreb. Croatian actress and model. She was the runner-up in the 1996 Elite "Look Of The Year" contest
- 1977 - Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping is restored to power.
- 1977 - Brian Rohr was born. Artist, healer.
- 1977 - Gustavo Nery was born. Brazilian footballer.
- 1978 - Dennis Rommedahl was born. Danish footballer.
- 1978 - A. J. Cook was bon. Canadian actress.
- 1978 - Martyn Lee was born. English radio presenter.
- 1979 - James Mason was born. British professional wrestler.
- 1979 - Lucas Luhr was born. German racing driver
- 1979 - Yadel Martí was born. Cuban baseball player.
- 1979 - Sándor Kocsis dies (b. 1929). Hungarian footballer.
- 1980 - Scott Dixon as born. New Zealand race car driver.
- 1980 - Dirk Kuyt as born. Dutch footballer.
- 1980 - Kate Ryan was born. Belgian singer.
- 1983 - Martial law in Poland is officially revoked.
- 1983 - Shelby Belle was born. Canadian actress.
- 1983 - Arsenium was born. Moldovan singer (O-Zone).
- 1983 - Sharni Vinson was born. Australian actress and model.
- 1983 - Steven Jackson was born. American football player.
- 1984 - Stewart Downing was born. English footballer.
- 1984 - Kinzie Kenner was born. American pornographic actress.
- 1985 - Akira Tozawa was born. Japanese professional wrestler.
- 1985 - Takudzwa Ngwenya was born. American rugby player.
- 1986 - Great Britain bans the cane as punishment in the schools.
- 1987 - Joshua Small was born. Singer, songwriter.
- 1988 - Duane Jones dies (b. 1936). American actor who starred as Ben in The 1968 classic Night of the Living Dead
- 1988 - Luigi Lucioni dies. Italian painter
- 1989 - Martti Talvela dies (b. 1935). Finnish bass.
- 1990 - Manuel Puig dies (b. 1932). Argentinian writer.
- 1990 - Greg Lemond of US wins bicycling's 3rd tour de France.
- 1990 - Nick Faldo of England wins the British Open Golf championship.
- 1991 - Serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer is arrested after the remains of 11 men and boys are found in his Milwaukee apartment.
- 1992 - Near Medellín, Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar escapes from his luxury prison fearing extradition to the United States.
- 1992 - Selena Gomez was born. American actress.
- 1992 - Wayne McLaren dies (b. 1940). Portrayed the Marlboro Man.
- 1994 - O. J. Simpson é julgado inocente da morte de sua ex-mulher.
- 1994 - Prisão de Jeffrey Dahmer. Serial killer norte-americano.
- 1996 - Mac McArkly was born. American child actor.
- 1996 - Rob Collins dies (b. 1956). English musician (The Charlatans).
- 1997 - The second Blue Water Bridge opens between Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario.
- 1997 - Voters approved a name change for Dade County, Florida to Miami-Dade County.
- 1997 - Field Cate was born. American child actor.
- 1998 - Madison Pettis was born. American actress.
- 1998 - Hermann Prey dies (b. 1929). German bass-baritone.
- 1998 - António Saura dies. Spanish painter.
- 1999 - The first version of MSN Messenger was released by Microsoft.
- 1999 - Gar Samuelson dies (b. 1958). American musician (Megadeth).
- 2000 - Carmen Martín Gaite dies (b. 1925). Spanish author.
- 2000 - Claude Sautet dies (b. 1924). French film director.
- 2000 - Eric Christmas dies (b. 1916). British actor.
- 2001 - Gustavo Kuerten conquista o título do ATP Tour de Stuttgart (Alemanha)
- 2001 - Indro Montanelli dies (b.1909). Italian journalist and historian.
- 2002 - O brasileiro Sérgio Vieira de Mello é escolhido para chefiar a Comissão de Direitos Humanos da ONU
- 2002 - Israel assassinates Salah Shahade, the Commander-in-Chief of Hamas's military arm, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, along with 14 civilians.
- 2002 - A Court in Sao Paulo sentenced Suzane von Richthofen to 39½ years in prison for parricide.
- 2002 - Prince Felix of Denmark was born.
- 2003 - Members of 101st Airborne of the United States, aided by Special Forces, attack a compound in Iraq, killing Saddam Hussein's sons Uday and Qusay, along with with Mustapha Hussein, Qusay's 14-year old son, and a bodyguard.
- 2003 - Qusay Hussein dies (b. 1966). Son of Saddam Hussein.
- 2003 - Uday Hussein dies (b. 1964). Son of Saddam Hussein.
- 2003 - Wahome Muthahi dies (b. 1954). Kenyan humourist.
- 2004 - Sacha Distel dies (b. 1933). French singer.
- 2004 - George Kidd dies (b. 1917). Canadian diplomat.
- 2004 - Illinois Jacquet dies (b. 1922). American saxofonist.
- 2004 - O português José Manuel Durão Barroso é confirmado para presidir a Comissão Europeia
- 2005 - Jean Charles de Menezes (b.1978), a Brazilian electricist, is killed by police as the hunt begins for the London Bombers. 21 July 2005 London bombings
- 2005 - Eugene Record dies (b. 1940). American songwriter and singer (The Chi-Lites)
- 2006 - José Antonio Delgado dies (b. 1965). Venezuelan mountain climber.
- 2006 - James E. West dies (b. 1950). Mayor of Spokane, Washington.
- 2007 - Jarrod Cunningham dies (b. 1968). New Zealand rugby player.
- 2007 - Mike Coolbaugh dies (b. 1972). Baseball player and coach.
- 2007 - Ulrich Mühe dies (b. 1953). German actor.
- 2007 - Rollie Stiles dies (b. 1906). American baseball player.
- 2007 - Laszlo Kovacs dies (b. 1933). Hungarian-born cinematographer.
- Saint Mary Magdalene [Paris, Bruges]
- Pi Approximation Day
- Germany- Ratcatcher's Day, commemorates the Pied Piper of Hamelin.
- Swaziland - Birthday of former King Sobhuza II
- Abd-al-Masih, saint and martyr
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