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Black History Month
RBG Street Scholars Think Tank's Purpose: This Educational Program and Research Project is Dedicated to Further Building the Hip Hop--Black Liberation Movement Connection by Integrating Conscious Digital Edutainment with A Scholarly... [more]
RBG Street Scholars Think Tank's Purpose:
This Educational Program and Research Project is Dedicated to Further Building the Hip Hop--Black Liberation Movement Connection by Integrating Conscious Digital Edutainment with A Scholarly Self Directed Learning Environment.
"BLACK HISTORY MONTH IS 24/7/365": 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and 365 days a year.
Of All the Disciplines of Study History Is Best Qualified To Reward All Research.
There is no true separation between the past, the present and the future. Those who don't change change will be change by change. Help us continue to write our history in real time by making a contribution.
Please be sure to follow the curriculum format in your contributions.
-------------------------------------
By Daryl Michael Scott
for ASALH at www.asalh.org
The story of Black History Month begins a decade after the founding of the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History. When he conceived of the ASALH in 1915, Carter G. Woodson believed that publishing scientific history about the black race would produce facts that would prove to the world that Africa and its people had played a crucial role in the development of civilization. As a Harvard-trained historian, Woodson, like W. E. B. Du Bois before him, believed that the truth could not be denied and that reason would prevail over prejudice. He thus established a scholarly journal, The Journal of Negro History, a year after he formed the Association. Scientific history, he believed, would counter racial falsehoods, and the community of white scholars would alter its view of the black race. Eventually the truth would trickle down to the public, and the race problem would gradually disappear.
A decade into his labors, Woodson began to think differently about the inherent power of scholarship, the importance of the scholarly community in promoting the truth, and the place of the community in the Association's mission. Scholarship had not transformed race relations, and most white historians had not come to recognize the truth when it was placed before them.
As early as 1920, Woodson had urged black civic organizations to promote the achievements that researchers were uncovering. That year he prodded his fraternity brothers at Omega Psi Phi to take up the work.
In 1924 they responded with the creation of Negro History and Literature Week, which they renamed Negro Achievement Week. By 1925, Woodson decided that the Association had to expand its program. Henforth it would be an organization dedicated to discovering and popularizing the truth. The Association had to re~educate blacks as well as whites, and its doors had to be opened to all interested in history, not just historians and other scholars.
When the Association announced Negro History Week for 1926, Woodson was overwhelmed by the response. Black history clubs sprang up, teachers demanded materials to instruct their pupils, and progressive whites, not simply white scholars and philanthropists, stepped forward to endorse the effort. Woodson and the Association scrambled
to meet the demands of public history. For teachers, the Association published photographs and portraits of important black people. It published plays to dramatize black history. To serve the desire of history buffs to participate in the re~education of black folks, ASNLH formed branches to bring them into the organization.
Woodson selected the week of February that encompassed the birthdays of both Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglass, two giants in the history of African Americans. Lincoln, of course, had issued the Emancipation Proclamation that moved the nation away from slavery, and Frederick Douglass had been the greatest leader of African Americans. Symbolically, the selection of Lincoln's and Douglass' birthdays as the week to study Black history reflected Woodson's belief that the history of African Americans was American history.
When Woodson passed in 1950, the Association continued the celebration of Negro History Week. By the time of his death, Negro History Week had become a central part of African American life and substantial progress had been made in bringing more Americans to appreciate the celebration. At mid~century, in cities across the country, mayors issued proclamations noting Negro History Week.
The Black Awakening of the 1960s dramatically expanded the consciousness of African Americans about the importance of black history. The Freedom Schools established during the civil rights era all included the study of Black history. As African Americans entered into mainstream colleges, they demanded Black Studies and Black history became a central feature. Increasingly there were cries for more than a week to study Black history.
The Association, the center of the study of Black life and history, underwent its own changes, including a recognition of the need to devote more time to Black History. In 1976, fifty years after the first celebration, the Association held the first Black History Month. By this time, the entire nation had come to recognize the importance of Black history in the drama of the American
story. Since then all American presidents, Republicans and Democrats alike have issued Black History Month proclamations.
In keeping with tradition, the Association, now known as the Association for the Study of African American Life and History, believes that Black history, like American history, should be studied 365 days a year. Yet as the Founders of Black History Month, ASALH continues to view February as the critical month for carrying forth the mission.
By Daryl Michael Scott
for ASALH at www.asalh.org
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WELCOME TO RBG Blakademics 2009:
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See Intro to RBG Street Scholars Think Tank Multi Media e-Journal:
"History is a Weapon in Taking Off the White Mask"
Check Out the Full RBG Black History Wikizine/ PictureTrail /e-Journal (Online Multimedia Book) Series
"History is a Weapon in Taking Off the White Mask"
Check Out the Full RBG Black History Wikizine/ PictureTrail /e-Journal (Online Multimedia Book) Series
Martin Luther King - Black And Proud
Passing the Torch to America's Youth: The Official Trailer and Movie Website
Passing the Torch goes beyond the 'heroes approach' to the Civil Rights Movement. From 1963-65, protests were held in Selma to shed light on the issues of voting rights, or lack thereof, for African-Americans in the Black Belt Region. The movement was not about one man and one mission, but about people who, once having a taste of freedom and equality refused to be starved of it any longer. This film is about the people of Selma, Alabama telling their story; primarily the youth of Selma whose collective conscious couldn't allow themselves, their parents or their families to remain second-class citizens a single moment longer. Throughout the 60's, students in colleges, high schools, and even elementary grades, were often the unsung heroes - boycotting, sitting in, being arrested, beaten and even killed. These brave children played a dynamic role in the Civil Rights Movement — succeeding in ways their parents could not and effectively changing the public view of life in the Jim Crow South.
Re-Education /Re-Afrikanization Vol. 1 
COMPANION RBG WIKIZINE
RBG Afrikan- Centered Cultural Development and Education
RBG Blakademics 2009:
Feat. White Architects of Black Education
"RBG BLACK HISTORY MONTH IS 24 / 7 / 365": 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and 365 days a year. Of All the Disciplines of Study History Is Best Qualified To Reward All Research.There is no true separation between the past, the present and the future. Those who don't change change will be change by change. Help us continue to write our history in real time by making a contribution.
Please be sure to follow the curriculum format in your contributions.
RBG Street Scholar (aka Marc Imhotep Cray, M.D. )
Designer, wirter, editor and curator
Dedicated to the "Spirit of Dr. Carter G. Woodson"
Dr.Carter G.Woodson
“If a race has no history, if it has no worthwhile tradition, it becomes a negligible factor in the thought of the world, and it stands in danger of being exterminated."
Companion RBG Street Scholar Wikizines:
RBG Afrikan- Centered Cultural Development and Education WikizineRBG Hip Hop / Conscious Rap Music Wikizine
RBG Public Enemy & Freedom Fighters Wikizine
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RBG Street Scholars Think Tank Rules of Engagement.
We Believe in the Power and Wisdom of the Elders and Ancestors
Franz Fanon Say:
"Racism is one of the most sick and twisted manifestations of White/European people’s oppression, exploitation and domination of humanity...although not all White/European people are racist, they benefit from it in one way or another and knowingly allow racism to exist…its reach is international in scope and transcends economic, political, social and spiritual belief systems...it is an evil and violent social construct used to justify White/European people’s crimes against humanity and to breed inferiority, fear and disunity among Black, Brown, Red and Yellow people...It has been the cause of untold pain and suffering to People of Color around the world…it is the single greatest problem humanity faces today…if we are ever to rise as the HUMAN RACE every one of us must defeat racism in all its shapes and forms (individual, institutional and cultural)…the struggle to end racism must be a collective one that begins in our hearts and minds…we must rise above our dependency on White/European systems and societies and connect with the creator and each other…our struggle against racism will be measured by how we think, feel and act towards ourselves, our marriages, our families and our communities in Africa and around the world...independent of White/European ideas, values, morals and paradigms."
A discussion by RBG Street Scholar's Classroom was featuredRBG Imhotep Virtual Medical School -For Advance High School and College Pre Med Students
Institute for Minority Physicians of the Future
Marc Imhotep Cray, M.D. Founder and Director, Office of Medical Education
Mission statement
THE INSTITUTE FOR MINORITY PHYSICIANS OF THE FUTURE is a collective voice of African American, Nat...
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A photo by RBG Street Scholar's Classroom was featured RBG Blakademics Nu Header Poster, f. Warning by NBO
RBG Street Scholar Multimedia Articles Library (Over 400 Publications to date)
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- 5 photos by RBG Street Scholar's Classroom were featured (rbgnation.ning.com)
A photo by RBG Street Scholar's Classroom was featured Robert F Williams The Original RBG-Revolutionary Black Gangsta
SCHOLASTIC READING AND RESEARCH
http://www.lexisnexis.com/documents/academic/upa_cis/9353_BlackPowerMovemPt2.pdf
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2 discussions by RBG Street Scholar's Classroom were featuredCoping with Babylon: The Proper Rastology-Full DocumentaryRBG Box: Offline Revolutionary Radio and TV/ A Promotional Video
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2 discussions by RBG Street Scholar's Classroom were featuredMAAKHERUA-A WebcastSeries facilitated by Kwesi Ra Nehem Ptah AkhanRBG Core Curriculum Snap Shots and Info on RBG College Without Walls-Kol Graphics
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RBG Street Scholar's Classroom added a discussion to the group No Justice No Peace Fuck The Police "Newark Police Kill Basire Farrell with Taser Torture"May 16, 2009
Did Newark Police Kill Basire Farrell with Taser Torture
Villagers have been watching the increasing incidents of taser tortureToday we learn that Basire Farrell, a 30-year old Black man died in Newark while in custody after he all...
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JAMES C. SMITH JR. commented on the photo 'Robert F Williams The Original RBG-Revolutionary Black Gangsta' Williams was viewed very apprehensively by the U.S. federal government which assumed he aspired to fill the vacuum of influence left after the assassinations of his good friend Malcolm X and Martin Luther King, Jr. J. Edgar Hoover received reports...
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2 discussions by RBG Street Scholar's Classroom were featuredRBG Revolutionary PDF Reader:Four Pan-Afrikanist Scholars-Leaders-Freedom Fighters/75 Pages"Newark Police Kill Basire Farrell with Taser Torture"
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Isis Shabbazz left a comment for RBG Street Scholar's Classroom
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Dr. Ivan Van Sertima
Dr. Ivan Van Sertima
is a literary critic, linguist, anthropologist, and writer. In 1977 he wrote They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America, now in its sixteenth printing, for which he won the Clarence L. Holte Prize for excellence in literature and the humanities relating to the cultural heritage of Africa. He is the editor of the Journal of African Civilizations, and has edited numerous recent books including African Presence in Early America, Great African Thinkers, and Great Black Leaders: Ancient and Modern.
He has defended this highly "controversial" thesis before the Smithsonian, which has recently published his address.
They Came before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America
With the skill of a novelist, Ivan Van Sertima reveals to readers compelling, dramatic, and superbly detailed documentation of the presence and legacy of Black Africans in ancient America. It is the marriage of twin crafts--the artist's and the scholar's--in a book that makes it possible to see clearly the unmistakable face and handprint of Black Africans in Pre-Columbian America, and their overwhelming impact on the civilization they found here.
Link to the Video Learning Series:
Further Reading: A History Of The African-Olmecs
Medical Apartheid: From the Tuskegee Experiments to the Present
Medical Apartheid
Medical Ethicist Harriet Washington Documents How Blacks Still Suffer at the Hands of Medicine
Medical ethicist Harriet A. Washington Random House
"The fear of medicine is based on real events. And real events go way beyond -- way before and way after -- Tuskegee," says Harriet Washington. "There are things that are happening now that will keep [African Americans] from going to the hospital."
We've all heard of the Tuskegee syphilis experiment and how black men were allowed to languish and spread this fatal disease in the name of medical research -- without their knowledge or permission.
In her recently released book, 'Medical Apartheid: The Dark History of Medical Experimentation on Black Americans from Colonial Times to the Present,' Harriet A. Washington painstakingly documents how blacks -- whether it's slave women unwillingly having gynecological experiments done on them or artificial blood being used in inner city hospitals -- have been dehumanized and often brutalized by a profession which takes an oath to heal.
Unfortunately, Tuskegee was not an anomaly.
It's no coincidence, Washington explains, that blacks do not seek medical care until "the pain is too much" often forsaking preventative care because of stories like these or blatant disrespect at the hands of doctors...Read More
Tuskegee Syphilis Study
Full Version with video:
Vanessa Northington Gamble, M.D., Ph.D., is Associate Professor at Johns Hopkins University, and is an internationally recognized expert on ... all » the history of race and racism in American medicine, cultural competence, and diversity. She discusses the enduring causes and consequences of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study Series: "LeNoir/NMA Memorial Lecture"
Click here for Tuskegee In Photos
Related Health Education Learning Objects:
OUR STORY IN BRIEF! The Relationship Between America, Blacks, Health and Medicine
The Maafa
RBG Maafa and Reparations Video Roll
A Kiswahili term for "Disaster" or "Terrible Occurrence".
This is the word that best describe the more than 500 hundred years of suffering of people of African descent through Slavery, Imperialism, Colonialism, Invasions and Exploitation. In this section you see pictures, here audio and watch videos that tell some of the story of our suffering.
It All Started with the Euorpean Holocaust of Afrikan Enslavement (The Maafa)The story of the trans-Atlantic slave trade and slavery in the New World is a story of European cruelty and African suffering. The barbarity of the slave trade is attested by the slavers themselves. For example, a Dutch slave trader on the West African cost in the 18th century wrote: “’The Invalides and the Maimed being thrown out . . . the remainder are numbred. . . . In the mean while a burning Iron, with the Arms or Name of the Companies, lyes in the Fire; with which ours are marked on the Breast. . . . I doubt not but this Trade seems very barbarous to you, but since it is followed by meer necessity it must go on; but we yet take all possible care that they are not burned too hard, especially the Women’" (qtd. in MacPherson).
RBG Extention: RBG It All Started with Slave Ships: Feat.,Voices of Slavery & Photo-Story Mini-Lectures "Strange Fruit"
Reference Link Outs:
AFRICAN AMERICAN HOLOCAUST
The MAAFA (African Holocaust)
Mr. Dowling's Maafa Page
RBG Street Scholar "Black History"
Picture Collage Summaries Notepad
RBG Maafa and Reparations Video Roll
A Kiswahili term for "Disaster" or "Terrible Occurrence".
This is the word that best describe the more than 500 hundred years of suffering of people of African descent through Slavery, Imperialism, Colonialism, Invasions and Exploitation. In this section you see pictures, here audio and watch videos that tell some of the story of our suffering.
It All Started with the Euorpean Holocaust of Afrikan Enslavement (The Maafa)The story of the trans-Atlantic slave trade and slavery in the New World is a story of European cruelty and African suffering. The barbarity of the slave trade is attested by the slavers themselves. For example, a Dutch slave trader on the West African cost in the 18th century wrote: “’The Invalides and the Maimed being thrown out . . . the remainder are numbred. . . . In the mean while a burning Iron, with the Arms or Name of the Companies, lyes in the Fire; with which ours are marked on the Breast. . . . I doubt not but this Trade seems very barbarous to you, but since it is followed by meer necessity it must go on; but we yet take all possible care that they are not burned too hard, especially the Women’" (qtd. in MacPherson).RBG Extention: RBG It All Started with Slave Ships: Feat.,Voices of Slavery & Photo-Story Mini-Lectures "Strange Fruit"
Reference Link Outs:
AFRICAN AMERICAN HOLOCAUST
The MAAFA (African Holocaust)
Mr. Dowling's Maafa Page
RBG Street Scholar "Black History"
Picture Collage Summaries Notepad
"Barack Obama is White Power"
Lynching Laws
When chattel slavery ended with the Emancipation Proclamation & Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution southern white world terror domination continued unabated under the de facto rule of "Lynching Laws"
“The United States has a brutal history of domestic violence. It is the most ugly episode in United States history; and its relevance and relationship to current day police brutality is dutifully neglected in our public school system. Of the several varieties of American violence against people of Afrikan descent, one type stands out as one of the most inhuman chapters in the history of the world—lynching.
"In 1919, the NAACP reported 3,386 incidents of lynching between 1882-1918.
In a controversial 1992 revision, sociologists Stewart E. Tolnay and E.M. Beck, argue that duplication of reporting produced an over count.
They claim only 2,805 lynchings (nearly 2500 of which were Blacks) can be documented between 1882 and 1930, in ten southern states."
From: NAACP, Thirty Years of Lynching in the United States: 1889-1918 (New York: Arno Press, 1919), p. 29 and Stewart E. Tolnay and E.M. Beck, Festival of Violence: An Analysis of Southern Lynching, 1882-1930 (Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois)..
Gangs and the 1919 Chicago Race Riot
Gangs have played an infamous role in supporting segregation by racist violence. The story of Chicago's white gangs is seldom told. The seminal event in the early industrial era was the 1919 race riot.
The history of this riot, and the crucial role of white gangs, is told in the 1922 report of The Chicago Commission on Race Relations. One of the principle findings of the Commission was: "6. Gangs, particularly among the young whites, formed definite nucelei for crowd and mob leadership. "Athletic clubs" supplied the leaders of many gangs.". What follows is an expanded summary of the report's description of the role of white gangs...Read More
Black Wallstreet: The Tulsa Riots Part 1
RBG Street Scholar "Black History"
Picture Collage Summaries Notepad
When chattel slavery ended with the Emancipation Proclamation & Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution southern white world terror domination continued unabated under the de facto rule of "Lynching Laws"
“The United States has a brutal history of domestic violence. It is the most ugly episode in United States history; and its relevance and relationship to current day police brutality is dutifully neglected in our public school system. Of the several varieties of American violence against people of Afrikan descent, one type stands out as one of the most inhuman chapters in the history of the world—lynching."In 1919, the NAACP reported 3,386 incidents of lynching between 1882-1918.
In a controversial 1992 revision, sociologists Stewart E. Tolnay and E.M. Beck, argue that duplication of reporting produced an over count.
They claim only 2,805 lynchings (nearly 2500 of which were Blacks) can be documented between 1882 and 1930, in ten southern states."
From: NAACP, Thirty Years of Lynching in the United States: 1889-1918 (New York: Arno Press, 1919), p. 29 and Stewart E. Tolnay and E.M. Beck, Festival of Violence: An Analysis of Southern Lynching, 1882-1930 (Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois)..
Gangs and the 1919 Chicago Race Riot
Gangs have played an infamous role in supporting segregation by racist violence. The story of Chicago's white gangs is seldom told. The seminal event in the early industrial era was the 1919 race riot. The history of this riot, and the crucial role of white gangs, is told in the 1922 report of The Chicago Commission on Race Relations. One of the principle findings of the Commission was: "6. Gangs, particularly among the young whites, formed definite nucelei for crowd and mob leadership. "Athletic clubs" supplied the leaders of many gangs.". What follows is an expanded summary of the report's description of the role of white gangs...Read More
Black Wallstreet: The Tulsa Riots Part 1
RBG Street Scholar "Black History"
Picture Collage Summaries Notepad
No Struggle No Progress by Frederick Douglass, 1857
The whole history of progress of human liberty shows that all concessions yet made to her august claims have been born of earnest struggle. If there is no struggle there is no progress.
Those who profess to favor freedom, and yet deprecate agitation, are men who want crops without plowing up the ground, they want rain without thunder and lightning, they want the ocean without the awful roar of its many waters.
This struggle may be a moral one; or it may be a physical one; or it may be both moral and physical; but it must be a struggle. Power concedes nothing without a demand. It never did and it never will.
Find out just what any people will quietly submit to and you have found the exact measure of injustice and wrong which will be imposed upon them, and these will continue till they are resisted. . .
RBG Street Scholar "Black History"
Picture Collage Summaries Notepad
"Mass graves hold the secrets of American race massacre"
New York - INVESTIGATORS are searching for the graves of up to 400 black Americans in an attempt to end the 78-year cover-up of one of the worst acts of mass slaughter in the country's history. Dr Clyde Snow, the world's leading authority in forensic anthropology, is preparing to spend the coming months in his home state of Oklahoma, identifying the remains of hundreds of men, women and children believed buried in communal graves. The dead are the long-missing casualties of the Tulsa race riot in 1921, a little-known chapter in American history which, if substantiated, would eclipse even the 1995 Oklahoma bombing as the country's worst civilian atrocity...Read More
Also See: RBG Black History VRoll/
THE WORSE MASSACRE IN U.S HISTORY
RBG Street Scholar "Black History"
Picture Collage Summaries Notepad
1921 Tulsa Race Riot:Survivors & Decendants Recall
Also See: RBG Black History VRoll/
THE WORSE MASSACRE IN U.S HISTORY
RBG Street Scholar "Black History"
Picture Collage Summaries Notepad
In the words of Paul Robeson:
"To be free -to walk the good American earth as equal citizens, to live without fear, to enjoy the fruits of our toil to give our children every opportunity in life - that dream which we have held so long in our hearts is today the destiny that we hold in our hands."
"To be free -to walk the good American earth as equal citizens, to live without fear, to enjoy the fruits of our toil to give our children every opportunity in life - that dream which we have held so long in our hearts is today the destiny that we hold in our hands."
In Princeton, New Jersey on April 9, 1898, Paul Robeson was born to a former slave, the Rev. William Robeson. His mother, a teacher, died shortly thereafter when he was only five years old. Three years later, the Robeson family moved to Westfield, New Jersey. In 1910, Robeson's father became pastor of St.Thomas A.M.E. Zion Church and the Robeson family moved to Somerville, New Jersey. Paul Robeson attended Somerville High School. There, Robeson excelled in sports, drama, singing, academics, and debating. He graduated from Somerville High School in 1915.
Robeson was awarded a four year academic scholarship to Rutgers University in 1915, the third black student in the history of the institution. Despite the openly racist and violent opposition he faced, Robeson became a twelve letter athlete excelling in baseball, basketball, football, and track. He was named to the All American Football team on two occasions. In addition to his athletic talents, Robeson was named a Phi Beta Kappa scholar, belonged to the Cap & Skull Honor Society, and graduated valedictorian of his class in 1919.
He went on to study law at Columbia in New York and received his degree in 1923. There he met and married Eslanda Cardozo Goode, who was the first black woman to head a pathology laboratory. Robeson worked as a law clerk in New York, but once again faced discrimination and soon left the practice because a white secretary refused to take dictation from him...Read More
RBG Street Scholar "Black History"
Picture Collage Summaries Notepad
"The prospect of peaceful integration is dead.
White sanity is dead.The American Dream is dead and the cringing nigger is dead. All were killed by the White man's satanic hatred and violence."
- Robert Franklin Williams, Beijing, May 1968
(commenting on assassination of the Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr.)
1956: US Army & Marine Corps vet Robert Franklin Williams attempts to integrate the Monroe, North Carolina swimming pool. The Ku Klux Klan answers with violence. Williams & other Black vets form their "Guard" a self-defense unit assisted by Malcolm-X, whose New York mosque contributes arms funds.
1961: "Freedom Riders" ask Williams & the Guard not to intervene during their pacifist integration efforts in Monroe. They are attacked & beaten by the KKK. The Chief of Police threatens to hang Williams in front of the Court House. National Guard tanks are sent to occupy Monroe. Williams escapes with his family to New York. Charged with kidnapping & hunted by the FBI, Williams is granted asylum by Fidel Castro. In Cuba he publishes The Crusader" and broadcasts his "Radio Free Dixie," predicting ghetto uprisings & urban guerilla warfare.
1965: Discovering that the Cubans have reduced Radio Free Dixie's transmission range, Williams moves to China, where he continues publishing "The Crusader," urging Black GIs fighting in Viet Nam to turn their guns against racists in the USA. Pres. Lyndon Johnson orders "The Crusader" banned from the US mails.
1969: Returning to the USA, arrested & released on bond, Williams lives in Michigan while fighting the 1961 kidnapping charges, eventually dropped for lack of evidence. Distancing himself from the Black Separatist Movement, he mollifies his earlier predictions of an impending race war and becomes increasingly pessimistic about the erosion of the gains of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s.
1996: Williams death at 71 from natural causes is the subject of a major New York Times obituary.
RBG Street Scholar "Black History"
Picture Collage Summaries Notepad
White sanity is dead.The American Dream is dead and the cringing nigger is dead. All were killed by the White man's satanic hatred and violence."- Robert Franklin Williams, Beijing, May 1968
(commenting on assassination of the Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr.)
1956: US Army & Marine Corps vet Robert Franklin Williams attempts to integrate the Monroe, North Carolina swimming pool. The Ku Klux Klan answers with violence. Williams & other Black vets form their "Guard" a self-defense unit assisted by Malcolm-X, whose New York mosque contributes arms funds.1961: "Freedom Riders" ask Williams & the Guard not to intervene during their pacifist integration efforts in Monroe. They are attacked & beaten by the KKK. The Chief of Police threatens to hang Williams in front of the Court House. National Guard tanks are sent to occupy Monroe. Williams escapes with his family to New York. Charged with kidnapping & hunted by the FBI, Williams is granted asylum by Fidel Castro. In Cuba he publishes The Crusader" and broadcasts his "Radio Free Dixie," predicting ghetto uprisings & urban guerilla warfare.
1965: Discovering that the Cubans have reduced Radio Free Dixie's transmission range, Williams moves to China, where he continues publishing "The Crusader," urging Black GIs fighting in Viet Nam to turn their guns against racists in the USA. Pres. Lyndon Johnson orders "The Crusader" banned from the US mails.
1969: Returning to the USA, arrested & released on bond, Williams lives in Michigan while fighting the 1961 kidnapping charges, eventually dropped for lack of evidence. Distancing himself from the Black Separatist Movement, he mollifies his earlier predictions of an impending race war and becomes increasingly pessimistic about the erosion of the gains of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s.
1996: Williams death at 71 from natural causes is the subject of a major New York Times obituary.
LET IT BURN - The Coming Destruction of the USA?
Click here for RBG's RFW Multi-media Series
RBG Street Scholar "Black History"
Picture Collage Summaries Notepad
Civil Rights Movement # 9
Martin Luther King Jr.On America and War
A nation that continues year after year to spend 
more money on military defense
than on programs of social uplift is approaching spiritual death.
Man is man because he is free to operate within the framework of his destiny. He is free to deliberate, to make decisions, and to choose between alternatives. He is distinguished from animals by his freedom to do evil or to do good and to walk the high road of beauty or tread the low road of ugly degeneracy.
Martin Luther King, Jr., The Measures of Man, 1959
It may be true that the law cannot make a man love me, but it can keep him from lynching me, and I think that's pretty important.
Martin Luther King, Jr., Wall Street Journal, November 13, 1962.
Nonviolent action, the Negro saw, was the way to supplement, not replace, the progress of change. It was the way to divest himself of passivity without arraying himself in vindictive force.Martin Luther King, Jr., Why We Can't Wait, 1964.
Somehow this madness must cease. We must stop now. I speak as a child of God and brother to the suffering poor of Vietnam. I speak for those whose land is being laid waste, whose homes are being destroyed, whose culture is being subverted. I speak for the poor in America who are paying the double price of smashed hopes at home and death and corruption in Vietnam. I speak as a citizen of the world, for the world as it stands aghast at the path we have taken. I speak as an American to the leaders of my own nation. The great initiative in this war is ours. The initiative to stop it must be ours.
Martin Luther King, Jr., The Trumpet of Conscience, 1967.
"He Explains How He Entered The Civil Rights Movement"
RBG Street Scholar "Black History"
Picture Collage Summaries Notepad
"By Any Means Neccessary"
Basic Unity Program
Pledging unity...
Promoting justice...
Transcending compromise...
We, Afro-Americans, people who originated in Africa and now reside in America, speak out against the slavery and oppression inflicted upon us by this racist power structure. We offer to down-trodden Afro-American people courses of action that will conquer oppression, relieve suffering, and convert meaningless struggle into meaningful action...Read More
Picture Collage Summaries Notepad
Basic Unity Program
Pledging unity...Promoting justice...
Transcending compromise...
We, Afro-Americans, people who originated in Africa and now reside in America, speak out against the slavery and oppression inflicted upon us by this racist power structure. We offer to down-trodden Afro-American people courses of action that will conquer oppression, relieve suffering, and convert meaningless struggle into meaningful action...Read More
Malcolm X Explains Black Nationalism
RBG Street Scholar "Black History" Picture Collage Summaries Notepad
Turn on "The Black Panther of Rap Music" /RBG's Paris Audio Playlist
(Once the audio opens click back on this tab to continue your browsing)
Click for the PDF
The Black Panther Party (originally called the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) was an African American organization founded to promote civil rights and self-defense. It was active within the United States in the late 1960s into the 1970s.
Black Panthers (1968) part 1
Founded in Oakland, California by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale in October 1966, the organization initially espoused a doctrine calling for armed resistance to societal oppression in the interest of African American justice, though its objectives and philosophy changed radically throughout the party's existence. While the organization's leaders passionately espoused socialist doctrine, the party's black nationalist reputation attracted an ideologically diverse membership base, such that ideological consensus within the party was difficult to derive, and differing perspectives within the party base often clashed conspicuously with those of its leadership.
www.itsabouttimebpp.com/
The group was founded on the principles of its Ten-Point Program, a document that called for "Land, Bread, Housing, Education, Clothing, Justice And Peace," as well
as exemption from military service that would utilize African Americans to "fight and kill for other people of color in the world who, like Black people, are being victimized by the White racist government of America."
Link to RBG Full Historical Tour / Annoted Pictures Lecture
Chairman Fred & BPP Min of Culture Emory Douglas 6/12/07
Chairman Fred Hampton Jr of the Prisoners of Conscience Committee will be having a open public discussion wit' Black Panther Party Minister of Culture Emory Douglas about revolutionary art, the counter-intelligence program, and the history and legacy of the Black Panther Party and how it relates to the work of the POCC today. This event will take place on Tuesday, June 12th at 7pm at the Black New World, 836 Pine St., in the Bottoms of West Oakland. No one will be turned away because of lack of funds.For background study see:
Emory Douglas Revolutionary Art
Link to RBGz BPP Classroom:
Black August originated in the concentration camps of California to honor fallen Freedom Fighters, Jonathan Jackson, George Jackson, William Christmas, James McClain and Khatari Gaulden. Jonathan Jackson was gunned down outside the Marin County California courthouse on August 7, 1970 as he attempted to liberate three imprisoned Black Liberation Fighters: James McClain, William Christmas and Ruchell Magee.
Ruchell Magee is the sole survivor of thatarmed rebellion. He is the former co-defendant of Angela Davis and has been locked down for 40 years, most of it in solitary confinement. George Jackson was assassinated by prison guards during a Black prison rebellion at San Quentin on August 21, 1971. Three prison guards were also killed during that rebellion and prison officials charged six Black and Latino prisoners with the death of those guards. These six brothers became known as the San Quentin Six. To honor these fallen soldiers the brothers who participated in the collective founding of Black August wore black armbands on their left arm and studied revolutionary works, focusing on the works of George Jackson...These six brothers became known as the San Quentin Six. To honor these fallen soldiers the brothers who participated in the collective founding of Black August wore black armbands on their left arm and studied revolutionary works, focusing on the works of George Jackson...Learn More
Black August 2006 (part 1)
George Jackson: Black Revolutionary & Spark for the Modern Day Anti-Prison Movement
The August 7, 1970 Marin County Courthouse Slave Rebellion
RBG Freedom Fighter Tribute: Feat, A Brief History of the New Afrikan Prison Struggle
It's Light, Fast, Smart, Sharp and Black to the Future
"Mass media have played and will continue to play a crucial role in the way white Americans perceive African-Americans. As a result of the overwhelming media focus on crime, drug use, gang violence, and other forms of anti-social behavior among African-Americans, the media have fostered a distorted and pernicious public perception of African-Americans".
The Yale Political Quarterly / Read More
We offer this edutaining video driven learning environment as a counter to mass media distortions and "white lies".
RBG Peace, Power and Unity, Its Bigger Than Hip Hop
RBG Street Scholars Think Tank e-Learning & Certification Programs
Your feedback is very important to this trailblazing work, as when it comes to online education it doesn't get anymore sophisticated than this. Designed with merticulous attention to scholarship, nonetheless it's pure Afri-Essence in soul, spirit, content and methods.
RBG STREET SCHOLARS THINK TANK AND AFRICENTRIC EDUCATION:
Research, Background and Reference Resources
Compiled by: Marc Imhotep Cray M.D./bna RBG Street Scholar
Liberation is impossible if we fail to see ourselves in more positive terms. For without a change of vision, we are slaves to the oppressor's ideas and values --ideas and values that finally attack the very core of our existence. Therefore, we must see the world in terms of our own realities."Larry Neal, "Black Art and Black Liberation," 1969
NATIONBUILDING IS THE STANDARD /CLASSIC /MOST DEFINITIVE DISCOURSE--Review #3
BEST DEFINITION OF AFRICAN CENTERED EDUCATION MY RESEARCH HAS TURNED UP:
African Centered Education is a system of sequentially planned educational opportunities provided for African heritage children, youth and young adults to develop the necessary and required skills to participate in the global marketplace with specific interest on the upliftment and empowerment of their African-American communities and the total development and growth of the African continent.
Dr. E. Curtis Alexander
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Professor Jacob H. Carruthers /Jedi Shemsu Jehewty
"The African centered education campaign is related to the chronic failure of the education system to provide equal educational results and opportunities for African Americans.
(February 15, 1930 - January 4, 2004)
(Click this photo for Dr.Carruthers on Africentric Education)
The recent Africana Studies Movement grew out of the 1960s/70s Black Power Movement
For those who would like to get deeper into RBG Street Scholars Think Tank Dr.Carruthers' essay on Africentric Education
is highly recommended as it puts you smack dab into the middle of our scholarly education cipher and discourse. Professor Jacob H. Carruthers (RIU) was a founding director of the Association for the Study of Classical African Civilizations (ASCAC) and a member of its national board of directors. He is a founding member of both the Kemetic Institute of Chicago and the Temple of the African Community of Chicago. He was also the acting director of the Center for Inner City Studies, Northeastern Illinois University, where he also served as a professor. He is the author of Science and Oppression, The Irritated Genie, and Mdw Ntr Divine Speech.
The Connection The current day Africentric-education movement, where Dr. Carruthers is one of our foremost authorities, is an outgrowth of the 1960s Black Studies Movement that we will be studying in the body of this curriculum.
Education Research, Background and Reference Resources that went into the building of our communiversity.
BOOKS AND REVIEWS/SUMMARIES:
1. African Centered Education: Its Value, Importance, and Necessity in the Development of Black Children Haki R. Madhubuti
This book legitimizes the need for African-centered education at an early age in child development.
2. Afrocentric Idea by Molefi Kete Asante
This new edition of THE AFROCENTRIC IDEA boldly confronts the contemporary challenges that have been launched against Molefi Kete Asante's philosophical, social, and cultural theory. Expanding on his core ideas, Asante recasts his original ideas in the tradition of provocative critiques of the established social order. This is a fresh and dynamic location of culture within the context of social change. 256 p.
3. Nationbuilding: Theory and practice in Afrikan-centered education
Kwame Agyei Akoto
Improving Schools for African American Students: A Reader for Educational Leaders provides education leaders with access to critical ideas, research, andknowledge across a broad range of educational issues that affect the successfulschooling of African American children and youth. The articles that make up this book discuss generic education issues such as policy reform, the importance of high-quality teaching, and the improvement of schools from the perspective of the academic achievement of African American students. They explore the need to identify and redress policies and practices that hinder African American student achievement. They discuss effective teacher training programs, both pre-service and in-service, that focus on the academic and the ethical, social, political, and cultural dimensions of teaching African American students. These articles explore educational programs that build on the strengths that African American students bring to school, as well as how to create these programs in a widevariety of school settings, ranging from schools that serve predominantly African American students to schools in which African American students are a small percentage of the total school population...
Read the Full Document in Our EduBlog Classroom
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